The AOD process injects oxygen and argon into molten steel, reducing carbon content while preserving valuable alloying elements such as chromium.
EAF is generally more economical for primary steel melting, while AOD is used for refining stainless and specialty steels where precise chemistry control is required.
They are used to line AOD converters and protect equipment during high-temperature steel refining operations.
Proper installation, regular maintenance, and selecting the right refractory grade can significantly improve durability and efficiency.
AOD refractories are primarily used in stainless steel, specialty steel, and alloy steel manufacturing industries.